Precision in Chondroitin Sulfate Characterization
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a sulfated Glycosaminoglycan from animals. Bioactivity research has shown that CS has a variety of functions such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypolipidemic, which are closely related to its structure and other physicochemical properties. CD BioGlyco has a team of experts dedicated to the Characterization of Marine Carbohydrates and helps clients analyze the structure of marine animal-derived CS using a variety of Polysaccharide Characterization Techniques.
Structural Characterization
The structure of CS can be characterized by NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).
- NMR: The freeze-dried CS is dissolved in heavy water and subjected to NMR. This method is effective in analyzing the type of glycosidic bonds of CS.
- FT-IR: The dry CS is made into potassium bromide pressed tablets and placed on an infrared spectrometer for determination. Based on the IR spectra, information such as the position of the functional group, the type, and the form of the sugar ring of the glycoside of CS can be obtained.
Purity Analysis
We use high-performance gel filtration chromatography (HPGFC) to determine the purity of CS, i.e., based on the position and area of the peaks in the chromatogram.
Monosaccharide Composition Analysis
CS is mainly composed of glucuronic acid, glucose, and aminogalactose in different ratios. The monosaccharide composition of CS is determined by ion chromatography.
Molecular Weight Analysis
The molecular weight of CS is highly dispersive and varies greatly from source to source. We offer both liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with laser scattering and HPGFC to determine the molecular weight and distribution of CS to ensure accurate results.
Content Analysis
When CS is dissolved in water, it results in a viscous, colorless, and transparent liquid with absorption peaks in the ultraviolet (UV) region. Therefore, we use UV spectroscopy to determine the content of CS in the visible region.
Publication Data
Technology: Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with a multi-angle light scattering (MALS) detector and a refractive index (RI) detector
Journal: Polymers
IF: 4.7
Published: 2022
Results: In this research, the authors performed individual purification and molecular weight characterization of CS from Chinese sturgeon. The authors analyzed CS from different parts of the Chinese sturgeon using SEC with MALS detector and RI detector and found that they were significantly different. The molecular weight of sturgeon fin CS (SFCS) was the largest at 26.5 kDa, sturgeon head CS (SHCS) had a molecular weight of 21.0 kDa, and the molecular weight of sturgeon backbone CS (SBCS) was in between the first two. In addition, cartilage from these three sites contained lower levels of other glycosaminoglycan impurities than other common commercial cartilage.
Applications
- As an important medicinal polysaccharide, CS is widely used in the development of therapeutic drugs for arthritis, osteoarthritic diseases, and other diseases. Therefore, CS characterization services help to test the purity, homogeneity, and structural properties of pharmaceutical products.
- CS characterization services can be used to help researchers optimize the formulation of CS-based healthcare products to improve the functionality and stability of the products.
- The CS characterization service assists researchers in deepening the basic research on glycosaminoglycans and promotes the understanding of the biological roles and synthetic pathways of CS.
Advantages
- We have a multidisciplinary team of chemists, biologists, and pharmacologists to fully characterize CS from multiple perspectives and to help our clients fully understand the properties of CS.
- We offer custom Characterization of Marine Animal Polysaccharides including CS based on our client's research needs, as well as targeted technical support and troubleshooting.
- In addition to CS characterization, we provide high-quality data and detailed analysis reports to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the results.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CS?
CS is a naturally occurring polysaccharide found widely in animal cartilage, bone, skin, eyes, and other connective tissues. It belongs to the glycosaminoglycan family, which usually binds to proteins to form proteoglycans, one of the basic building blocks of connective tissues. The basic structural unit of CS is the repetitive disaccharide unit, which usually includes: D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc).
What are the functions of CS?
CS plays an important role in maintaining the structural integrity and function of tissues. It is involved in regulating many biological processes in the extracellular matrix, such as cell adhesion, migration, and regulation of growth factor activity.
CD BioGlyco has unique advantages in the characterization of CS, such as a strong technology base and an experienced team. Our services cover the whole process from sample pretreatment and molecular weight determination to structural analysis. Please feel free to contact us if you have needs in the field of marine carbohydrate characterization.
Reference
- Zhao, M.; et al. Structural characterization and glycosaminoglycan impurities analysis of chondroitin sulfate from Chinese sturgeon. Polymers. 2022, 14(23): 5311.
