Promoting Keratan Sulfate Production with A Strong Background in Glycobiology
Relying on our high-quality Marine Biomolecule Production system, CD BioGlyco provides our clients with high-purity Marine Carbohydrate Production service. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are widely found in most Marine Animals such as sharks, oysters, jellyfish, mussels, sea cucumbers, scallops, mother-of-pearl shells, etc. Keratan sulfate is a co-component of Chondroitin Sulfate, which is also a type of GAG. Notably, keratan sulfate is the only GAG that does not contain glucuronic acid.
Keratan sulfate extraction
CD BioGlyco provides reliable keratan sulfate extraction services from animal tissue isolation, homogenization, extraction, and pretreatment, to crude sample drying. Our laboratory mainly provides alkaline extraction and Enzymatic Extraction. Our operators have many years of experience helping clients optimize the entire extraction process to achieve the highest yields.
Keratan sulfate separation and purification
CD BioGlyco provides keratan sulfate separation and purification using Chromatography Purification and Precipitation Purification. The polysaccharide mixture obtained after extraction contains not only small molecule impurities but also some other GAGs. Therefore, isolation and purification of the crude polysaccharide is very necessary.
- Our researchers dissolve the keratan sulfate polysaccharide mixture in water, add sodium chloride and ethanol, and leave it for 8h to obtain the polysaccharide precipitate.
- Our researchers purify keratan sulfate using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gel chromatography columns. The chromatographic fractions are tested using the phenol-sulfuric acid method at 490 nm. We provide collection, concentration, and desalting of polysaccharide fractions.
Keratan sulfate analysis
It is necessary to analyze the conformation, glycosidic bonding, and linkage of keratan sulfate from different sources, as these are closely related to the function of keratan sulfate.
- Our researchers provide accurate keratan sulfate purity determination, quantitative analysis, monosaccharide composition, and keratan sulfate oligosaccharide sequencing services. Our commonly used analytical tools include HPLC, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS).
- Our researchers provide Keratan Sulfate Structural Characterization services by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), ultraviolet/visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and MS/MS.
- Our researchers provide keratan sulfate biofunctional profiling services such as Antioxidant Activity, Antimicrobial Activity, Antitumor Activity, Antiinflammatory Activity, and skin metabolism analysis.
Publication
Technology: Thin layer chromatography, Carbazole method, Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HILIC-FTMS), Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), Surface plasmon resonance (SPR), NMR spectroscopy
Journal: Marine Drugs
Published: 2018
IF: 4.9
Results: In this study, researchers used enzymatic hydrolysis to isolate keratan sulfate from Prionace glauca cartilage. Researchers further characterized the isolated keratan sulfate by LC-MS and NMR. The results showed that the shark-derived keratan sulfate was highly sulfated and modified by the non-reducing end of the NeuAc cap. By testing the binding affinity of keratan sulfate with Ricinus communis agglutinin I (RCA120) at different degrees of polymerization, it was found that keratan sulfate can be used for the development of ricin-antidote exploitation.
Fig.1 NMR spectra of isolated keratan sulfate. (Li, et al., 2018)
Applications
- Keratan sulfate can be used as a biomarker for cancer disease.
- Keratan sulfate plays a key role in the study of autoimmune diseases such as inhibition of nerve cell adhesion and spinal nerve synapse growth.
- Keratan sulfate is a good excipient for the development of marine polysaccharide drugs.
- Keratan sulfate plays a key role in maintaining corneal transparency.
Advantages of Us
- CD BioGlyco has abundant marine animal resources and advanced extraction technology to meet the production of keratan sulfate from different sources.
- Our researchers pay close attention to every step of the operation to ensure the best yield of keratan sulfate.
- CD BioGlyco provides keratan sulfate production and keratan sulfate oligosaccharide production services at different polymerization degrees.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the chemical structure of keratan sulfate?
Keratan sulfate is a linear polysaccharide consisting of lactose and 6-sulfo-N-acetylglucosamine via a β-1,4 glycosidic bond to form a disaccharide unit, with a β-1,3 glycosidic linkage between the disaccharides.
What are the principles of alkaline and enzymatic extraction?
Alkali extraction is based on the fact that the glycosidic bonds in proteoglycans are unstable to alkali, which breaks the glycosidic bonds in them. GAGs are covalently bonded to proteins, and enzymatic extraction utilizes proteases to break the covalent bonds to release the sugar chains.
With the support of polysaccharide production experts, CD BioGlyco provides the most convenient keratan sulfate production solutions. Our highly trained carbohydrates team has a wealth of specialized basic knowledge and operates a wide range of experiments, which enables us to produce structurally complex keratan sulfate. Our goal is to be your first choice in keratan sulfate production. We're here to assist you, so please don't hesitate to contact us.
Reference
- Li, Q.; et al. Structural characterization and interaction with RCA120 of a highly sulfated keratan sulfate from blue shark (Prionace glauca) cartilage. Marine Drugs. 2018, 16(4): 128.
