High-purity Chondroitin Sulfate (CS) That Exceeding Your Expectations
CS is an acidic mucopolysaccharide found in large quantities in Marine Animals. It is composed of alternating residues of the disaccharide unit D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc). The C-4 or C-6 of GalNAc and the C-2 and/or C-3 of the GlcA can introduce different units or different numbers or positions of sulfate groups for modification. About 25 CS disaccharides are depending on the number and position of the sulfate groups. CD BioGlyco is a leader in Marine Biomolecule Production. Whether you need CS or Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate, our professional Marine Carbohydrate Production specialists provide you with high-purity production services.
CS extraction
- Our lab uses alkaline extraction, Enzymatic Extraction, neutral salt extraction, Assisted Extraction, or acetic acid extraction to provide professional CS extraction service. Our researchers actively optimize the extraction process to ensure optimal yields. Some of the enzymes we commonly use include papain, trypsin, pepsin, and pronase.
CS analysis
- Our lab provides CS quantitative services with the Elson-Morgan colorimetric method, carbazole sulfuric acid method, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and high-performance capillary electrophoresis.
- Our lab provides CS Structural Characterization, molecular weight determination, disaccharide analysis, sulfate content analysis, and amino acid analysis services.
- CS has a wide range of biological activities such as regulating lipoprotein and anti-atherosclerosis, anticoagulation and thrombosis, anti-arthritis, antioxidant and scavenging of free radicals, promotion of osteoblasts and osteogenesis, enhancement of immunity and anti-tumor effects, and regulation of cell adhesion. We mainly provide the following bioactivity analysis services:
Publication
Technology: Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, HPLC, Size exclusion chromatography-multiangle laser light scattering (SEC-MALLS)
Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Published: 2016
IF: 4.9
Results: In this study, researchers prepared low molecular weight CS (LMWCS) from different sources (shark cartilage, porcine cartilage, and bovine cartilage) using acid extraction, enzymatic extraction, microwave-assisted alkaline extraction, and oxidative methods, respectively. Structural characterization revealed that chondroitin-2,6-sulfate and chondroitin-4,6-sulfate are the unique structural features of CS from shark sources. Moreover, the researchers confirmed that LMWCS from shark cartilage prepared by oxidative degradation plays a key role in osteoarthritis therapy.
Fig.1 Characterization of LMWCS from different sources. (Li, et al., 2016)
Applications
- CS regulates the adhesion of cells in the organism and affects the physiological functions of the organism.
- CS has immune-enhancing effects and can be applied in the development of anti-tumor drugs.
- CS promotes the proliferation of bone cells, induces new bone formation, and accelerates the bone healing process.
- CS can be used for the development of novel osteoarthritis and lipid-lowering drugs.
- CS can be used as a dietary supplement or in the meat processing industry.
Advantages of Us
- The complex enzyme extraction we offer combines the advantages of multiple enzymes to effectively increase CS yields.
- Our professional animal polysaccharide production experts offer a wide range of CS isomer production services according to clients' needs.
- We offer not only alkaline extraction and enzymatic extraction but also a combined alkaline-enzymatic method, which shortens the production cycle and increases the CS yield.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the principle of alkaline extraction of CS?
In the presence of a base, CS undergoes a β-elimination reaction with the protein-bound O-glycosidic bond, from which it is released when the glycopeptide bond is broken.
Why is it necessary to analyze the disaccharide unit of CS?
The position and number of substitutions of the sulfate groups in CS from different sources give CS a wide variety of structures. To elucidate the type of CS, the disaccharide composition of the sugar chain must be analyzed. HPLC analysis of a mixture of disaccharides gives an indication of the type and amount of disaccharide contained in the CS from the chromatogram obtained. In addition to HPLC analysis, the NMR technique can also be used. CS samples do not require enzymatic digestion and the structure of the disaccharide is determined by measuring the chemical shifts of C and H on the sample.
CD BioGlyco provides CS production services that have been recognized by scientists and companies in many countries. Our staff strictly control each step of production. For any further information, do not hesitate to contact us.
Reference
- Li, L.; et al. Preparation of low molecular weight chondroitin sulfates, screening of a high anti-complement capacity of low molecular weight chondroitin sulfate and its biological activity studies in attenuating osteoarthritis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2016, 17(10): 1685.
