Your Indispensable Partner for the Production of Dermatan Sulfate (DS)
DS is an important Marine Biomolecule, which consists of a disaccharide repeating unit composed of N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc) and l-iduronic acid (IdoA) linked by β-1,4- or β-1,3-bonds. DS is widely found in the skin and tissues of a variety of Marine Animals such as tilapia, Ascidia nigra, Styela plicata, Lophius litulon, Phallusia nigra, and Halocynthia pyriforms. CD BioGlyco provides a one-stop DS production service from extraction to activity analysis by our professional Marine Carbohydrate Production team.
DS extraction
- Preparation of DS is usually done by breaking the glycosidic bond by degrading proteins to release DS. Our highly experienced researchers provide high-quality DS extraction services by Enzymatic Extraction, ionic liquid reagent extraction, and enzymatic-alkaline combined extraction.
- For DS originating from different samples and sites, our lab offers the most appropriate extraction protocols.
DS purification
The same tissue contains multiple types of glycosaminoglycans, so obtaining homogeneous dermatan sulfate requires grading and purification of the glycosaminoglycan mixture.
- Our lab provides professional decontamination services such as protein removal and fat removal. We remove proteins using the Sevag method or protein precipitants such as trichloroacetic acid, and tannic acid.
- Chromatography Purification: Anion exchange chromatography or gel filtration chromatography is often used in our lab for DS separation.
- Precipitation Purification: Depending on the solubility of different glycosaminoglycans in organic solvents, we offer DS purification services.
- Salting-out Purification: We provide reliable DS purification services through quaternary salt complexation.
DS analysis
- We provide a range of analytical services such as sulfate group content analysis, alduronic acid content analysis, purity determination, monosaccharide composition analysis, and disaccharide composition.
- Structural characterization: We often use Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS), etc. to characterize DS structure.
- Our lab provides high-quality DS activity analysis services including Antiviral Activity Screening, Anti-blood Clotting Activity Screening, and Antiinflammatory Activity Screening.
Publication
Technology: FT-IR spectra, NMR spectroscopy, High-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), Cellulose acetate electrophoresis, Pre-column derivatization
Journal: Marine Drugs
Published: 2023
IF: 4.9
Results: In this work, researchers combined enzymatic and alkaline methods to extract two polysaccharides from the swim bladders of Cynoscion microlepidotus (CMG-1.0) and Gadus morhua (GMG-1.0) and purified them using ion-exchange chromatography. The sequences of the polysaccharides were identified as CS/DS hybrid chains by FTIR, NMR, monosaccharide composition analysis, and disaccharide composition analysis. Analysis of their anticoagulant mechanism revealed that GMG-1.0 had strong inhibitory activity. The apparent activity differences between the two different polysaccharide sources were closely related to their disaccharide compositions and ratios. This study provides valuable information for marine fish processing and marine drug development.
Fig.1 HPGPC profiles of CMG-1.0 and GMG-1.0. (Yao, et al., 2023)
Applications
- DS can be used in the development of medicines and health food products, mainly for osteoarthritis and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.
- DS plays an important role in the tissue development of skin, blood vessels, and bones.
- DS can be used as a raw material for topical medicine or cosmetics.
Advantages of Us
- The ionic liquid reagent extraction service we provide has the characteristic of not destroying the DS structure.
- We use a combination of enzymes not only to hydrolyze a broad spectrum of proteins but also to hydrolyze fats to make the extraction easy to handle.
- Our experienced researchers develop DS extraction, isolation, and purification protocols based on client needs.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the principle of separation in salting-out purification?
Different glycosaminoglycans have different salt ion concentrations required to dissolve the complexes because of the different charge densities of the polyanions. Therefore, it is a good method to separate different glycosaminoglycans by controlling the salt concentration.
What is the principle of chromatography purification?
Chromatography utilizes the differences in adsorption of different types of glycans by fillers to separate the glycans in a mixture from each other. Ion exchange chromatography uses an ion exchange resin as the stationary phase, which has fixed ion groups and exchangeable ion groups. When the mobile phase passes through the stationary phase with ions generated by the ionization of components, the component ions are reversibly transformed with the exchangeable ion groups on the resin.
Based on a high-quality marine biomolecule production team, CD BioGlyco provides high-purity DS production services. With rich industry experience and a strong biological background, our production staff responds positively to every client's needs. Please feel free to contact us with any inquiries.
Reference
- Yao, Y.; et al. Chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate hybrid chains from swim bladder: isolation, structural analysis, and anticoagulant activity. Marine Drugs. 2023, 22(1): 9.
